Which framework focuses on societal influences over individual experiences?

Social Constructionism is the framework that emphasizes how societal factors and cultural contexts shape individual experiences and identities. This perspective posits that our understanding of reality is constructed through social processes and interactions, primarily through language and shared norms. Rather than viewing experiences solely from the lens of individual cognition or psychological processes, social constructionism highlights the importance of contextual elements such as history, culture, and power dynamics in shaping individuals' perceptions and behaviors.

This approach is particularly relevant in counseling and therapy as it aids practitioners in recognizing how systemic issues impact clients' lives, enabling a broader understanding of their challenges beyond personal attributes or family dynamics alone. By acknowledging social influences, therapists can better assist clients in navigating their experiences within societal frameworks. This aligns with contemporary therapeutic practices that aim to address issues stemming from societal structures, such as inequality and marginalization.

Other frameworks mentioned, such as Constructivism, Psychodynamic Theory, and Behaviorism, focus more on individual cognition, unconscious processes, or learned behaviors rather than on the societal constructs that influence individuals. This distinction makes Social Constructionism uniquely suited for examining the interplay between societal forces and personal experience.