In which model is the therapist primarily responsible for change?

The Strategic model, developed by figures like Jay Haley and Cloé Madanes, emphasizes the therapist's active role in facilitating change within the therapeutic process. In this approach, therapists engage in problem-solving with clients, often using specific techniques and interventions aimed at addressing patterns of behavior that maintain dysfunction within families. The therapist designs interventions to be implemented outside of therapy sessions, putting the responsibility for change on the therapist who orchestrates the process and guides clients towards specific outcomes.

This model is grounded in the belief that, while clients may be experiencing difficulties, the therapist can take a directive stance by framing the issues and suggesting strategic methods for change. The effectiveness of this therapy relies heavily on the therapist's skill in addressing these specific patterns and facilitating the shifts that are necessary in the family dynamics.

On the other hand, other models such as the Milan Systemic approach generally focus on a more collaborative therapeutic process where change is seen as a co-constructed effort between the therapist and clients. The Humanistic Approach emphasizes personal growth and self-actualization, giving clients the autonomy to discover their solutions. Lastly, the Behavioral Approach emphasizes modifying specific behaviors through reinforcement techniques, focusing on the clients' actions rather than the therapist's directive role.